![]() Fasting urine and blood samples were obtained in the morning. A total of 273 healthy men (46 ± 6 years old) were enrolled in the study. This study sought to elucidate the relationship between urine indole levels and smoking habits. On the other hand, cigarette smoke contains indoles, which could also change the urine indole levels. A few amounts of indole are excreted in the urine. Indoles are formed from dietary tryptophan by tryptophanase-positive bacterium. The online version of this article (10.1186/s1356-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. The present study is the first to describe a TaqMan-MGB probe qPCR assay for detection and quantification of O. scatoligenes in the hindgut does not seem to be an appropriate indicator of boar taint. This indicates that the known effect of chicory roots for reducing skatole production is not by inhibiting the growth of this skatole-producing bacterium in the pig hindgut. scatoligenes was found in young entire male pigs fed high levels of chicory roots. Olsenella scatoligenes made up < 0.01% of the microbial population in the pig hindgut. The developed assay was applied to assess the impact of dietary chicory roots on O. scatoligenes-spiked digesta samples as reference standards. Moreover, the assay allowed quantifying down to three target gene copies per PCR reaction using genomic DNA-constructed standards, or 1.5 × 10³ cells/g digesta, using O. ![]() scatoligenes from other closely related species. The use of a MGB probe allowed discriminating O. Thus, the present study aimed at developing a TaqMan-MGB probe-based, species-specific qPCR assay for rapid quantification of O. scatoligenes abundance and skatole concentration in the pig gut. scatoligenes would help investigating the relationship between O. ![]() Skatole, produced from microbial degradation of l-tryptophan, is the main contributor to boar taint, an off-odor and off-flavor taint, released upon heating meat from some entire male pigs. The License for any of the following softwares will be sent to your E-mail upon Designer 8.10ĮndNote X7 eases capabilities.Olsenella scatoligenes is the only skatole-producing bacterium isolated from the pig gut. “Sub-heading” bibliography options for more control and flexibility with the patented Cite While You WriteTM plug-in for Microsoft Wordīackground synchronization so your work is continuously saved and always available online and accessible through your iPadĮnhanced PDF importing, file naming, and organizing options EndNote X7 introduces:Īn EndNote plug-in for adding PDF management, adds formatting tools, and builds on EndNote syncing citations and reference lists to Microsoft PowerPoint slides (Windows only) We’ve enhanced and even added new tools to help you write your CV, paper, manuscript, book or grant application with seamless ease. New choices for organizing your research materials using new reference types such as Interview, Podcast, Conference Paper, and Press Release #ALLELEID MGB ALLELE PDF# It is designed to predict how small molecules, such as substrates or drug candidates, bind to a receptor of known 3D structureĬurrent distributions of AutoDock consist of two generations of software: AutoDock 4 and AutoDock VinaĪutoDock 4 actually consists of two main programs: autodock performs the docking of the ligand to a set of grids describing the target protein autogrid pre-calculates these grids Refinements to the user interface to better streamline key workflowsĮxpanded options for formatting with over 5,000 bibliographic reference stylesĪutoDock is a suite of automated docking tools. In addition to using them for docking, the atomic affinity grids can be visualised. Instead, it calculates the grids internally, for the atom types that are needed, and it does this virtually instantly This can help, for example, to guide organic synthetic chemists design better bindersĪutoDock Vina does not require choosing atom types and pre-calculating grid maps for them.
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